Bandtail Notothen, Trematomus brachysoma (Pappenheim 1912)
Other Names: Stocky Rockcod
Illustration of a Bandtail Notothen, Trematomus brachysoma, BMNH 1913.12.4.128, 137 mm SL. Source: Fig. 34, in Gon & Heemstra (eds) Fishes of the Southern Ocean / Biodiversity Heritage Library. License: CC BY Attribution
Summary:
A yellowish-brown notothen with iridescent blue coloration above, patches of coral pink near the head of some individual, dusky fin tips, a blackish spinous dorsal fin, spots on the membrane of the second dorsal and anal fin, and dark crossbands on the caudal fin.
Cite this page as:
Bray, D.J. 2020, Trematomus brachysoma in Fishes of Australia, accessed 19 Apr 2024, https://fishesofaustralia.net.au/Home/species/5049
Bandtail Notothen, Trematomus brachysoma (Pappenheim 1912)
More Info
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Distribution |
Off Wilhelm II Land (approximately 66°S, 89°E), Australian Antarctic Territory, shores of Ross and Davis Seas and west coast of Antarctic Peninsula so probably throughout the Australian Antarctic Territory. Elsewhere the species occurs in the Southern Ocean, possibly circum-Antarctic. This cryopelagic species lives beneath the underside of the ice. |
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Features |
Dorsal fin IV-V+29-32; Anal fin 29-30; Pectoral fin 23-24; Gill rakers (8-10)+(15-18) = 23-27; Lateral scale series 55-63; Upper lateral line 25-37, pored scales (first 2-4 scales with tubes); Midlateral line with 24-30 pored scales; Vertebrae (15-16)-I-(30-31) = 45-47. Body depth 4.1-5.0 and head length 3.0-3.4 in SL. Eye diameter 3.4-4.0 in HL and interorbital width 18-25% HL. Infraorbital canal with 4-I-2-I-1 or 4-1-2 pores (section from temporal canal sometimes absent). |
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Feeding |
Feeds on copepod and euphausiid crustaceans associated with the underside of the ice. |
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Remarks |
This species was previously placed in the genus Pagothenia, however recent studies have show that it belongs in the genus Trematomus (Kuhn & Near 2004; Sanchez et al. 2007; Lautrédou et al. 2012). Some authors regard T. brachysoma to be a synonym of Pagothenia phocae. |
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Etymology |
The specific name brachysoma is from the Greek brachys (= short) and soma (= body), in reference to the relatively short body of this species. |
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Species Citation |
Trematomus brachysoma Pappenheim 1912, Deutsche Südpolar Expedition 1901–1903 13(Zool. 5): 172. Type locality: Winter station of the Gauss, Kaiser Wilhelm II Land, Antarctica. |
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Author |
Bray, D.J. 2020 |
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Resources |
Bandtail Notothen, Trematomus brachysoma (Pappenheim 1912)
References
DeWitt, H.H., Heemstra, P.C. & Gon, O. 1990. Nototheniidae. pp. 279-332 in Gon, O. & Heemstra, P.C. (eds). Fishes of the Southern Ocean. Grahamstown : J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 462 pp. (as Pagothenia brachysoma) See ref at BHL
Eastman, J.T. & Eakin, R.R. 2000. An updated species list for notothenioid fish (Perciformes; Notothenioidei), with comments on Antarctic species. Archive of Fishery and Marine Research 48(1): 11-20 (as Pagothenia brachysoma)
Kellerman A. 1990. Catalogue of early life stages of Antarctic notothenioid fishes. Berichte zur Polarforschung 67:45–136. (as Pagothenia brachysoma)
Kellermann, A. & Kock, K.-H. 1984. Postlarval and juvenile notothenioids (Pisces, Perciformes) in the southern Scotia Sea and northern Weddell Sea during FIBEX 1981. Meeresforsch 30: 82-93. (as Pagothenia brachysoma)
Koch, K.H. & Kellerman, A. 1991. Reproduction in Antarctic notothenioid fish. Antarctic Science 3: 125–150. (as Pagothenia brachysoma)
Kühn, K.L. & Near, T.J. 2009. Phylogeny of Trematomus (Notothenioidei: Nototheniidae) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences. Antarctic Science 21(6): 565-570
Lautrédou, A.-C., Hinsinger, D.D., Gallut, C., Cheng, C.-H.C., Berkani, M., Ozouf-Costaz, C., Cruaud, C., Lecointre, G. & Dettai, A. 2012. Phylogenetic footprints of an Antarctic radiation: The Trematominae (Notothenioidei, Teleostei). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65: 87-101
Loeb, V.J., Kellermann, A.K., Koubbi, P., North, A.W. & White, M.G. 1993. Antarctic larval fish assemblages: a review. Bulletin of Marine Science 53(2): 416-449. (as Pagothenia brachysoma)
Near, T.J., Jones, C.D. & Eastman, J.T. 2009. Geographic intraspecific variation in buoyancy within Antarctic notothenioid fishes. Antarctic Science 21: 123–129.
Pappenheim, P. 1912. Die Fische der deutschen Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903: l. Die Fische der Antarktis und Subantarktis. Deutsche Südpolar Expedition 1901–1903 13(Zool. 5): 163-182
Sanchez, S., Dettaï, A., Bonillo, C., Ozouf-Costaz, C., Detrich H.W. III & Lecointre, G. 2007. Molecular and morphological phylogenies of the Antarctic teleostean family Nototheniidae, with emphasis on the Trematominae. Polar Biology 30: 155-166
