Crown Squirrelfish, Sargocentron diadema (Lacépède 1802)
Other Names: Crowned Squirrelfish, Crowned Squirrel-fish
A Crown Squirrelfish, Sargocentron diadema, on Ribbon Reef #10, Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, November 2006. Source: Erik Schlogl / iNaturalist.org. License: CC by Attribution-NonCommercial
Summary:
A red squirrelfish with prominent silvery-white stripes along the body, a white vertical streak on the gill cover, a similar oblique white streak below the eye, a reddish-black to black dorsal fin with two white streaks, and a whitish patch on the upper part of the caudal peduncle.
Cite this page as:
Bray, D.J. 2019, Sargocentron diadema in Fishes of Australia, accessed 19 Apr 2024, https://fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/species/4451
Crown Squirrelfish, Sargocentron diadema (Lacépède 1802)
More Info
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Distribution |
Offshore reefs of north Western Australia: Rowley Shoals and Scott Reef, Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island in the Timor Sea, and the far northern Great Barrier Reef and reefs in the Coral Sea, to Sydney, New South Wales; also Middleton Reef and Elizabeth Reef in the Tasman Sea. Elsewhere the species is widespread and common in the tropical, Indo-west-central Pacific. Small groups inhabit shallow coral reefs, lagoon and seaward reefs, sheltering in crevices and beneath ledges during the day, and feeding on invertebrates over open sandy areas at night. |
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Features |
Dorsal fin XI, 12-14; Anal fin IV, 8-9. Body depth 2.75-3.25 in SL; head length 2.7-3.15 in SL; snout length 4.0-4.4 in HL; maxilla nearly reaching or extending slightly beyond a vertical at anterior edge of the pupil; upper jaw length 2.75-2.95 in HL; interorbital width 4.4-4.9 in HL; premaxillary groove extending slightly posterior to a vertical at anterior edge of orbit; anterior end of nasal bone rounded. Medial margin of nasal bone without spinule; nasal fossa without spinules on its edge; upper edge of suborbital bones below anterior half of eye spineless; small preopercular spine, its length 2-3 times in orbit diameter, 2.85-3.5 in HL; 4th dorsal-fin spine longest, 1.7-2.25 in HL; 3rd anal-fin spine 1.2-1.35 in HL. Five or 6 oblique rows of scales on cheek. |
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Colour |
Body with alternating broad red and narrower silvery white stripes; head red with 2 vertical white streaks on the opercle, one on its edge and an oblique one below the eye; distinctive reddish-black to black dorsal fin with two white streaks. |
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Feeding |
Feeds at night on invertebrates such as polychaete worms, small crustaceans and bivalve molluscs. |
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Species Citation |
Holocentrus diadema Lacépède 1802, Histoire Naturelle des Poissons Vol. 4: 335, 372. Type locality unknown. |
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Author |
Bray, D.J. 2019 |
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Resources |
Crown Squirrelfish, Sargocentron diadema (Lacépède 1802)
References
Allen, G.R. 1993. Fishes of Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 44: 67-91
Allen, G.R. 1997. Marine Fishes of Tropical Australia and South-east Asia. Perth : Western Australian Museum 292 pp. 106 pls.
Allen, G.R. & Erdmann, M.V. 2012. Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth : Tropical Reef Research 3 vols, 1260 pp.
Allen, G.R. & Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1994. Fishes of Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin 412: 1-21
Allen, G.R. & Steene, R.C. 1988. Fishes of Christmas Island Indian Ocean. Christmas Island : Christmas Island Natural History Association 197 pp.
Allen, G.R., Steene, R.C. & Orchard, M. 2007. Fishes of Christmas Island. Christmas Island : Christmas Island Natural History Association 2 edn, 284 pp.
Allen, G.R. & Swainston, R. 1988. The Marine Fishes of North-Western Australia. A field guide for anglers and divers. Perth, WA : Western Australian Museum vi 201 pp., 70 pls.
Choat, J.H., van Herwerden, L., Robbins, W.D., Hobbs, J.P. & Ayling, A.M. 2006. A report on the ecological surveys undertaken at Middleton and Elizabeth Reefs, February 2006. Report by James Cook University to the Department of the Environment and Heritage. 65 pp.
Dornburg, A., Moore, J.A., Webster, R., Warren, D.L., Brandley, M.C., Iglesias, T.L., Wainwright, P.C. & Near, T.J. 2012. Molecular phylogenetics of squirrelfishes and soldierfishes (Teleostei: Beryciformes: Holocentridae): reconciling more than 100 years of taxonomic confusion. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65: 727–738 (as Neoniphon diadema)
Gill, A.C. & Reader, S.E. 1992. Fishes. pp. 90-93, 193-228 in Hutchings, P. (ed.) Reef Biology. A Survey of Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs, South Pacific. Canberra : Australian National Parks Vol. 3, Kowari 230 pp.
Hobbs, J-P.A., Newman, S.J., Mitsopoulos, G.E.A., Travers, M.J., Skepper, C.L., Gilligan, J.J., Allen, G.R., Choat, H.J. & Ayling, A.M. 2014. Checklist and new records of Christmas Island fishes: the influence of isolation, biogeography and habitat availability on species abundance and community composition. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 30: 184–202
Hobbs, J-P.A., Newman, S .J., Mitsopoulos, G.E.A., Travers, M.J., Skepper, C.L., Gilligan, J.J., Allen, G.R., Choat, H.J. & Ayling, A.M. 2014. Fishes of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands: new records, community composition and biogeographic significance. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 30: 203–219
Johnson, J.W. 2010. Fishes of the Moreton Bay Marine Park and adjacent continental shelf waters, Queensland, Australia. pp. 299-353 in Davie, P.J.F. & Phillips, J.A. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Marine Biological Workshop, The Marine Fauna and Flora of Moreton Bay. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 54(3)
Kuiter, R.H. 1993. Coastal Fishes of South-eastern Australia. Bathurst : Crawford House Press 437 pp.
Lacépède, B.G. 1801. Histoire Naturelle des Poissons. Paris : chez Plassan Vol. 3 558 pp. 34 pls. (vernacular name only)
Lacépède, B.G.E. 1802. Histoire Naturelle des Poissons. Paris : chez Plassan Vol. 4 728 pp. 16 pls. See ref at BHL
Randall, J.E. 1998. Revision of the Indo-Pacific squirrelfishes (Beryciformes: Holocentridae: Holocentrinae) of the genus Sargocentron, with descriptions of four new species. Indo-Pacific Fishes 27: 1-105 pls 1-11
Randall, J.E. 2005. Reef and shore fishes of the South Pacific. New Caledonia to Tahiti and the Pitcairn Islands. Honolulu : University of Hawaii Press 707 pp.
Randall, J.E., Allen, G.R. & Steene, R. 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Bathurst : Crawford House Press 507 pp. figs.
Randall, J.E., Allen, G.R. & Steene, R. 1997. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Bathurst : Crawford House Press 557 pp. figs.
Russell, B.C. 1983. Annotated checklist of the coral reef fishes in the Capricorn-Bunker group, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. Special Publication Series 1: 1-184 figs 1-2
Shimizu, T. & Yamakawa, T. 1979. Review of the squirrelfishes (subfamily Holocentrinae : order Beryciformes) of Japan, with a description of a new species. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 26(2): 109-147 figs 1-23 (as Adioryx diadema)
Williams, I. & Greenfield, D. 2016. Sargocentron diadema (errata version published in 2017). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T67901205A115442185. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T67901205A67906287.en. Downloaded on 23 July 2019.
